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Marianne Holm headshot.

Marianne Holm

Head, Epidemiology and Public Health Research

International Vaccine Institute

Marianne Holm is the head of epidemiology and public health research at the International Vaccine Institute. She is a medical doctor and an epidemiologist.

Antibiotics are convenient, relatively cheap, and a proven choice against common infections. While antibiotics can sometimes help clear up underlying infections, they are not always necessary, and inappropriate use can lead to antimicrobial resistance. Photo credit: iStock/Thakkura Podjanapon. , Considering how vaccines are potentially both the first line of defense and final option against pathogens that have already acquired complete resistance, vaccine development is truly an urgent research need. Photo credit: iStock/Chinnapong.
Article

Vaccines against Antimicrobial Resistance: Short- and Long-Term Solutions to End the Invisible Pandemic

Deaths due to antibiotic-resistant superbugs estimated to rise to 10 million yearly, with annual cost seen at $100 trillion by 2050 if no action is taken.